Mohammad Asif, Asif Husain, Aftab Ahmad, Shah Alam Khan, Mohd Rashid, Karun Arora, Dherya Bahl and Farah Iram
The reappearance of tuberculosis (TB) and resistant of Mycobacterium strains is a crucial public health concern for the treatment of TB. Some findings on the fluoroquinolone (FQs) derivatives are being developed as effective anti- TB agents. Some FQs antibiotics like ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin are act as bactericidal with exceptional activity against Mtb and are presently used as second-line anti-TB drugs. The FQs exert their antibacterial effects by trapping gyrase and topoisomerase-IV enzymes on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and blocking the replication and transcriptions. Unlike most other bacteriums, Mtb lacks topoisomerase-IV, but contains the genes gyrA and gyrB encoding the A and B subunits of DNA gyrase. Various new-generation FQs are under clinical trials with the aim of reducing the time periods of TB treatment while others are considered to be capable candidates for future drug development.
