Hemayoro Sama, Barthélémy Yélémou, Adama Hilou, Jeanne Millogo/Rasolodimby and Victor Hien
To reduce the country's dependence on fossil fuels, the Government of Burkina Faso has launched a program to promote Jatropha curcas L. Given the enthusiasm of the production of biofuels, Jatropha industry has a problem of availability of seeds for both quantity and quality. For a better understanding of Jatropha curcas to improve the capacity of supply raw materials, the study of morphometric characteristics, oil content and the genetic diversity of different local ecotypes was conducted. In a transect from the southern Sudan region to sub-Sahelian regions of the country, six sources were characterized. The morphometric characteristics of plants and their seeds were evaluated. The oil content was measured by the Soxhlet method. The solids content, the mineral, sugars, nitrogen compounds were determined. The molecular characterization of different sources was also carried out. The thickness of the seeds is related to the gradient while the width and the thickness of the seed and their weight vary depending on its origin. The oil content of sources varies from 48.8% (Torokoro 1) to 56.7% (Kaya and Boni). On the 6 sources analyzed with 5 primers (0PB-01 0PB-03-05 0PB, 0PB-07-10 0PB), each primer has detected a polymorphism whose average varies from 2 to 7 loci. In addition, the source has an effect on the variation of the polymorphism of the primers. En effet, les échantillons de Boni ont présenté le plus fort pourcentage de polymorphisme (54,54%), tandis que ceux de Imkouka a la plus faible (32,81%). L'analyse des sources locales leur donne une variation de la distance génétique de 0,50 à 0,81. Les écotypes étudiés ici sont de bons producteurs de pétrole, mais ils semblent être moins diversifié.
