Kamaladdin FH, Mecid MS, Mahir IM, Sefer QN, Telman IM, Elman HE and Musa MT
On average, about 160 thousand tons of grapes are produced annually in Azerbaijan. If you process all these grapes, you will get about 22 thousand tons of seeds and about 6 thousand tons of brushes. These products, which have a rich composition, are called second stocks of raw materials. But due to the lack of cost-effective and affordable technologies that meet local conditions, thousands of tons of products are thrown away as waste every year. Although the research has produced important results in the field of residue research and processing, it has not been able to provide a fundamental solution to the problem for all regions. In particular, there was no research or assessment of the composition of residues generated during processing of some indigenous and introduced grape varieties grown in local conditions. The study used bones obtained after processing native (Madras and Bayanshiri) and introduced (Isabella and Merlot) grape varieties grown in local conditions. Studies were conducted on fresh and dried bones. The composition of the skin of the studied grape varieties, the spectra of bark extracts of different wavelengths, as well as the chromatogram of hydrolysates of the peel were determined. At the same time, similar studies were conducted on grape seeds. It turned out that the components of bones have a rich composition, by extracting the compounds contained in them, they can be returned for reuse. Studies conducted to extract substances from the components of the bones allowed to obtain extracts rich in various substances (sugar, nitrogen, pectin, phenolic compounds, fats, fiber, minerals, etc.). Extracts obtained in separate technological modes with various extractants were used in the production of food products for various functional purposes and received positive results.
