Commentary - (2022) Volume 7, Issue 1
Received: 03-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. IPJNO-22-12606; Editor assigned: 05-Jan-2022, Pre QC No. IPJNO-22-12606; Reviewed: 19-Jan-2022, QC No. IPJNO-22-12606; Revised: 24-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. IPJNO-22-12606; Published: 31-Jan-2022, DOI: 10.36648/ipjno-7.1.35
Neurofibromatoses are a group of disorders that lead to the formation of tumours on neural tissue. Tumors of the nervous system can form anywhere else in the body, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Neurofibromatosis is classified into three types: neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), and schwannomatosis. NF1 is typically diagnosed in childhood, whereas NF2 and schwannomatosis are typically diagnosed in adolescence or early adulthood. Tumors in these disorders are usually noncancerous (benign), but they can occasionally become cancerous (malignant). Symptoms are frequently mild. However, neurofibromatosis complications could include hearing loss, learning impairment, heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) problems, vision loss, and extreme pain. Treatment for neurofibromatosis focuses on encouraging good health development in children with the disorder, and also proactively engaging of complications. Surgery can alleviate symptoms when neurofibromatosis causes large tumours or tumours that press on a nerve. Both these therapies, such as stereotactic radiosurgery or pain medications, may be beneficial to some people. A new medicine is now available for treating pediatric tumours, and other new treatments are in the works. There are 3 different types of neurofibromatosis with each different signs and symptoms; Neurofibromatosis 1; Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is typically diagnosed in childhood. Signs are frequently visible at birth or shortly thereafter, and almost always by the age of ten. Signs and symptoms are typically usually mild, but intensity can vary.
Among the signs and symptoms are: Skin with flat, light brown spots (cafe au lait spots). Many people have these innocuous spots. NF1 suggests having more than six cafe au lait locations. They are typically present from birth or emerge in the first few years of life. New spots stop appearing after childhood. Freckling sensations in the armpits or groin. Freckling usually appears between the ages of 3 and 5. Freckles are smaller than cafe au lait spots and usually appear in groups in skin folds. Tiny bumps on the eye’s iris (Lisch nodules). These innocuous nodules are difficult to see and have no effect on vision.
Pea-sized bumps on or beneath the skin (neurofibromas). Such benign tumours typically form in and under the skin, but they can as well create inside the body. A growth can sometimes involve a large number of nerves (plexiform neurofibroma). When plexiform neurofibromas would seem on the face, they can end up causing disfigurement. The number of neurofibromas may improve with increasing. Deformities of the bones Bone deformities including a curved spine (scoliosis) or a bowed lower leg can be caused by abnormal bone development and a lack of bone mineral density. The optic disc is affected by a tumour (optic glioma). These tumours typically appear by the age of three, are uncommon in late childhood, but almost never in adults. Learning difficulties impaired thinking abilities are prevalent in childhood with NF1, but they are usually mild. There is frequently a learning disability, such as a difficulty with reading or mathematics. Attentions problems disorder (ADHD) as well as delayed speech also are common. Head size is bigger than usual. Due to higher brain volume, children with NF1 have bigger head sizes, Small stature. Children with NF1 are frequently shorter than average in height.
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We have no conflict of interests to disclose and the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors.
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