Review Article - (2023) Volume 31, Issue 3
Received: 31-May-2023, Manuscript No. IPQPC-22-14957; Editor assigned: 02-Jun-2023, Pre QC No. IPQPC-22-14957 (PQ); Reviewed: 16-Jun-2023, QC No. IPQPC-22-14957; Revised: 21-Jun-2023, Manuscript No. IPQPC-22-14957 (R); Published: 28-Jun-2023, DOI: 10.36648/1479-1064.23.31.26
The study was carried out since January 2022. The major objective was to see women facing problems in rural area of the world. Total 24 articles were downloaded from the net and read again and again and analyzed the situation. At world level women facing large number of problems namely lack of education, threat in home by husband, mother-in-law and father-in-law, transportation access, raping, force and early marriage, preference given to son over daughter, share in land, lack of primary health, no permission for job from family, abused in home, lack of opportunities in different job etc. In real sense women and men are the wheels of one carriage. Without women and men cooperation the development of the world is impossible. In different countries of the world multiple programs have been started for their development while still the men is resisted and do not give a chance to them. Similar situation has created a great problem to women in the world which have indirectly negatively affected the development of the world. Women sometimes come on the road and create a violence for their rights while it disturbed the environment of the Muslim societies and affect the activities of the world development and also affect the production of the agriculture crops of the world. Majority rural women of the world perform different duties in agriculture production. They harvest the crops and also play role as a house wife prepare food for their children and also spent time on younger care and production of young one. On the basis of problems the study recommend that to give due right to women in parent land; provide proper education and health facilities at their door step; Transport facilities should be provided at their door step; Son and daughter should be equally treated; force and early marriages should stop in the society of the world; rape cases should be controlled for development of world society; situation in the home should be kept favorable for world women and treated by husband, mother in law and father in law nicely; job permission should be given to women outside the home for income improvement; government should provide job opportunities in the countries of the world.
Analysis; Facing; Problems; Women; World
Gender divided into three sections namely men, women and transgender. Each one has different problem in the world but here only focus on the women. From the beginning women facing multiple problems in the world. The major problems are namely share in the land, lack of education, lack of opportunities, early and force marriage, lack of transport facilities, raped, abused in home, preference given to male child, lack of health treatment and no permission for job from family etc. Similarly, Fazal stated that violence faced by rural women due to gender discrimination, and to identify what challenges and dangers that rural women are facing to responding to such violence. What is the role of government and NGO’s during this whole situation that how much effectively they are helping these rural women to face the challenges and risk? The author further told that the main challenges reported by these women were, lack of support system, lack of opportunities, lack of education, early and forced marriages and no ownership in land/property. By interviewing all these women, it was easily concluded that government institutions and NGO’s (national/ international) are paying very little attention on these areas because these are rural areas which can easily be ignored. Johansson and Korkeaojaim summarized the achieving real progress on the status of women in society has for many years been a priority for many member countries of the council of Europe and the organization itself. Still, there is great potential for improvement. The current report analyzes the situation of women in rural areas. It concluded that in many areas and for a number of reasons rural women were lagging behind women living in cities and urban areas. The dismantling of socio-economic structures in central and Eastern European countries has created particularly serious problems for women in rural in these countries (e.g., social security). The report called on governments of member countries to improve data and information on the situation of rural women. Suggestions are made to increase the participation of rural women in decision-making and to include gender issues at all levels. It also proposes a series of measures to increase the participation of rural women's in the economy, particularly with regard to work, where the report suggests that women's role in child rearing and (farm) running the home is entirely dependent on women. To be acknowledged it emphasizes the importance of education and training as well as the need to give women full access to land and credit. Finally, the report emphasizes the importance of improving the social status of rural women and of recognizing their role in the preserving rural cultural heritage. The report recommends that the situation of rural women be included in the equivalent of the council of Europe stated these issues and challenges faced by the rural women in Balochistan. It was revealed that women in Balochistan facing many problems such as karo Kari, sexual harassments by their tribal waderas and feeling insecure. Women are completely deprived of their basic rights. According to their research about 80% of the karo-kari cases are based on bias basis which was not true. It was further revealed that women are facing difficulties and they feel insecure after watta-satta marriages. Government and NGO’s can play role to educate those women about their basic rights. Women are deprived from their basic rights in Balochistan. In most cases they are illegally raped with their feudal and in many cases, they were married with 60 years old man without their wishes. Rationale, et al., told that if you educate a man, you educate an individual. But if you educate woman, you educate the nation. The study explores the various aspects that contributes to the challenges faced by rural women for accessing basic education in rural areas. The analysis of the research element was used to list various aspects that contribute to challenges faced by rural women for accessing basic education in rural areas. A total of four factors, were extracted family problem, personal problem, infrastructure and society problem contributes 71.97% to the change. This study certainly helps to identify the key factors that contribute to the challenges faced by rural women for accessing basic education in rural areas. Further studies can be done using the verification factor analysis technique. Rani and Sinha told that barriers faced by women entrepreneurs in Haryana (India). The study was descriptive and exploratory in nature and simple sampling technique was followed. The study is based entirely on primary data that was collected through structured questionnaire. The results revealed that lack of family support, lack of cooperation from male counterparts, poor bargaining position, psychological barriers, lack of experience, lack of knowledge, lack of social support, harassment, difficulties in obtaining loans to set up a business, lack of awareness about credit facilities for women, lack of infrastructure facilities, strict regulations and policies, attracting customers, lack of marketing skills and unfavorable market behaviors were the major problems faced by women. The study was limited to rural area of district Jind in Haryana (India). Further research can be done in other states of India and the results can be compared. The study suggests that women entrepreneurs start business with adequate funds, explore new markets, explore networks, and consult with professionals. Most importantly, the policies and programs for the development of women entrepreneurship must be implemented honestly. The study is the first experimental investigation into the relationship between the educational status and barriers faced by women entrepreneurs in rural Haryana (India). Mustafa et al., stated that the “role of women in economic development of Pakistan”. The participation of women is essential for the prosperity of Pakistan economy. Pakistan is a male dominated society despite the fact that its large population consists of women. Women in Pakistan face many obstacles when they want to use their skills for the development and progress of the country such as religious, political, social and environmental, while education, health and nutrition are on the list of important issues and are top notch problems. The Pakistani women are ignored and targeted because of the customs and values of their families and relationship. The bitter truth is that majority of Pakistani women live in rural areas as compared to urban areas where they are treated like animal but it is true to say that animals live in a much better condition than rural women. However, it is also a fact that now a day’s lots of metropolitan women in all provinces are doing great work for the development of Pakistan. The article concludes that women play an active role in boosting the economy. We cannot ignore the amazing performance of women in the development of developed countries. Seeing to its importance the present study was arranged to critically review woman facing problems in the world.
• Fazal stated that violence faced by rural women due to gender discrimination, and to identify the challenges and dangers that rural women face in responding against this violence. What is the role of government and NGO’s in this whole situation that how much effectively they are helping these rural women against challenges and threats faced by them? The study considered three villages of Malakand division which comes under Khyber Pakhtunkhwa such as Batkhela, Amandara and Aladand Dehri. A total of 150 women between 25-45, 50 was selected from each village, were interviewed and through KWIC (Keys Words In Context) method followed by word count analysis was used for results interpretation. The main challenges reported by these women were, lack of support system, lack of transport system, lack of opportunities, lack of education, underage and forced marriages and no ownership in land/property. From the interviews of all these women it was concluded that government agencies and NGO’s (national/ international) are paying very little attention on these areas because these are rural areas which can easily be ignored [1].
• Houdegbe told that the health problems experienced by rural women in Africa. The first of these health problems is malaria, which is not exclusively reserved for rural women. Yet, it is they who are most exposed to bites by the mosquitoes which abound more particularly in that country. So involved are they in their daily tasks, they often do not even feel these bites, and negligence and/or lack of information prevents them from taking antimalarial drugs. Only when fever or tenacious headaches occur do they decide to take a few nivaquine pills. Often, they simply drink medicinal herb teas said to be "diuretic." Next on the list is malnutrition, with anemia as its corollary. It is caused by ignorance, or lack of information on what food should be eaten; dietary customs and taboos deeply anchored in some families and which deprive women of the nutrients required by their bodies, especially after childbirth; lack of time; and financial difficulties. The problems of malaria and malnutrition affect men and children as well as women, but others are specific to women. Closely spaced pregnancies, which used to be rare in villages, are now increasingly frequent in rural areas. Since planned parenthood is "unknown" in rural areas, most women bear a great many children 8-10 or more. Placenta previa is a frequent condition in such women, and often results in the mother's death, since the delivery was done in a poorly equipped center and the diagnosis was only made at the beginning of labor. Since women are constantly concerned with doing the most for their family and satisfying all of their needs, they never rest during the day, are excessively tired, and only sleep 5 hours-6 hours a night. In addition to their own specific health problems, mothers often are obliged to spend their nights watching, alone, over 1 or sicker children. In sum, these are some of the everyday problems encountered in rural areas: The lack of information on health matters; the distance from health centers; limited financial resources in the rural population; and the precariousness of means of transportation, and the absence of an emergency transferal system [2].
• Kaur and Sharma told that Indian women, and especially rural women, play many social and economic roles inside and outside the home, but their participation is not well received due to recognition. They are excluded from various training and rural development programs which usually involve the menfolk, being offered only programs related to children’s health, nutrition etc. This is because of the neglect of women’s participation and potential by planners. This article examines the participation of rural women in domestic and agriculture activities in the India state of Haryana. This indicates the hiding of the majority of women, who work as unpaid workers on the family farm. Livestock care is a women job but as dairy work is becoming more modern, women are losing control over both administrative and economic profits. The training of women in cattle breeding is completely neglected. The level of improved household technology, is also very unsatisfactory, especially in the backward areas where the majority of women are still working with old appliances. More than half of the respondents did not have time. This article proposes a number of measures to help rural women, whose working days are often much longer than those of men [3].
• Johansson and Korkeaojaim summarized the achieving real progress on the state of women in society has, for many years, been a priority for many member countries of the council of Europe and for the organization itself. Yet there is great potential for improvement. The current report analyses the situation of women in rural areas. It concludes that rural women are lagging behind women living in cities and urban areas for many reasons. The dismantling of socio-economic structures in central and eastern European countries has created particularly serious problems for rural women in these countries (e.g., social security). The called-on governments of member countries to improve data and information on the situation of rural women. Suggestions are made to increase the participation of rural women in decisionmaking and to include gender issues at all levels. It also proposes a series of measures to increase the participation of rural women's in the economy, particularly with regard to work, where the report suggests that women's role in child rearing and (farm) running the home is entirely dependent on women. To be acknowledged it emphasizes the importance of education and training as well as the need to give women full access to land and credit. Finally, the report emphasizes the importance of improving the social status of rural women and of recognizing their role in the preserving rural cultural heritage. The report recommends that the situation of rural women be included in the equivalent of the council of Europe [4].
• Shah, et al. analyzed that women played by seven different roles in a society namely, parental, occupational, conjugal, domestic, kin, community and individual to determine status of a woman. Despite of the several roles played, women were not accepted and didn’t get proper regard in their husbands’ families until and unless they had a son. Discrimination against females in the allocation of food and health care within the household was one of the major problems faced by women in South Asia. The situation was more critical in Hindu’s traditions where women were not allowed to perform birth, death and marriage rituals. Women were mostly living inside the four walls of a house and their activities were mostly to bear and raise children and do household chores. Women were rated less wise than men in most of the societies and in Pakistan people were of the view to keep women in certain limits as if women became modern, they would lose their respect. One half of the female university students in Karachi and more than one third in Lahore believing that their parents wouldn’t allow them to do paid job with men, rather they would like them to be mostly involved in household chores. Study conducted on women role and status in Nepal revealed that status of women was not uniform and senior females were controlling resources and determining expenses and budget allocations for the family. However, women life was mostly centered on their traditional roles like taking care of most household chores, fetching water, feeding animals and doing farm work. Their status was mostly contingent on their husbands and parents. Women were far from achieving equal participation in decision making and leadership and or had small share in decision making and leadership in most parts of the world, because girls, in contrast to boys, were socialized to play passive roles and given little opportunities to make decisions or develop leadership skills outside the family context. Paying due attention to women and providing more opportunities to women to fully exploit their potentials for development of the society would bring more desirable results [5].
• Shah, et al. investigated the complex nature of household livelihoods among rural women. It also assessed the overall gender and livelihood improvement in the province through D-fund activities in the four regions established under the project. Out of total 21 interventions 11 (50%) are studied with specific reference to women. The major areas addressed through the project interventions include enterprise development and crop management skills. Interestingly, these efforts led to the attitudinal change in men of household who benefited from D-fund activities. Men acknowledge the due role of women in household overall development that is an indicator of rural women empowerment and livelihood improvement at the grassroots level. It is very encouraging to note that 80% CBOs are still active and playing their due role in skills development of the community. A high percentage of female (56%) registered with CBOs are of the most economically active age group 20 years-34 years. The CBOs members in Eastern and Northern region were more vibrant and empowered because of high literacy rate (85% in Northern region) and awareness about their role in development. Because of high literacy, sustainability of the project interventions is more in this region. About 97 (86%) respondent out of total 112 believed that because of project D-fund initiatives household incomes have increased considerably [6]
• Ifeanyichukwu told that women participation in community development with special emphasis on Igbo Eze South local government area, Enugu state. The exercise was conducted due to the low participation of women in community development across the country. There were four key objectives to this work that were sought to be achieved. These include: To identifying barriers to women participation in agriculture within the local government, exploring the effects of low level of education on women participation in community development, and determining whether Igbo Eze Southern local government how to increase women participation in area politics. And finally, to identify ways to empower women to participation more in the overall development of the communities. The researcher made use of both primary and secondary sources of data to generate data used for the study. These data were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentage. The researcher identified various barriers to women participation in community development including cultural practices, low level of women education, and poverty among the rural women and violent those characterize the country’s politics. It is therefore recommended that cultural practices that deny women free access to land be abolished; the government should provide modern agriculture implements to rural women farmers and also educate them on how to use these implements to increase productivity; the education of girls should be made free and compulsory at least at the secondary level [7].
• Khoso, et al. stated that issues and challenges faced by the rural women in Balochistan. A qualitative research were conducted on different parts of Balochistan, data was collected from 300 respondents five districts of Balochistan i.e. Turbat, Gawader, Sibbi, Pashen and Khuzdar using simple random technique. It was revealed that women in Balochistan are facing many problems like karo Kari, sexual harassments by their tribal waderas and feeling insecure. Women are completely deprived of their basic rights. According to our research about 80% of the Karo Kari cases are based on Bias basis which was not true. It was further revealed that women are facing difficulties and they feel insecure after Watta satta marriages. Government and NGOs can play role to educate those women about their basic rights. Women are deprived from their basic rights in Balochistan. In most cases they are illegally raped with their feudal and in many cases, they were married with 60 years old man without their wishes [8].
• Daley, et al. stated that in the developing world, rural women suffer widespread gender based discrimination in laws, customs and practices cause severe inequalities in their access, control, own and use land and limit their participation in decision-making at all levels of land governance. This synthesis of submissions resulting from a consultation, to which 19 members, partners and individual experts from the international land coalition’s network responded, highlights the centrality of women’s land rights and of gender justice for achieving the aims of CEDAW and to promote and protect women’s human rights in general. Contributors to the consultation emphasize the need to achieve de facto equality, the diversity of rural women and tenure, as well as the importance of women’s participation in land governance. Participants also place great expectations on the forthcoming general recommendation on the rights of rural women as a critical tool to advance women’s land rights and address the complex challenges and opportunities facing rural women, including by giving new momentum to international and national policy agendas. The synthesis closes with specific recommendations to the CEDAW committee to reaffirm women’s land rights as a fundamental human rights issue for rural women [9].
• Ekong stated that for many decades now, there has been a strong developmental focus on women empowerment especially in the rural areas (where more than 70% of Nigerian lives). In fact, special agencies have been set up for this purpose. But an analysis of the impact of these programmers’ shows that the target groups have not always been reached because of them women has taken various steps to improve their own condition. This article is about the role and scope of women participation in governance and development. It explores the issues and prospect of women in the governance and development of rural sectors in Nigeria, using community development organizations as a vehicle and organizational medium. This study uses the cross river state as a case study. The ten largest towns of the state and its twenty-five hamlets in the state were divided into twelve districts and two hundred questionnaires were distributed in each district. The survey of rural women organizations in twelve (12) districts has a total of three hundred (300) organizations. One hundred (100) of them were closely studied. The results show that women have a genuine desire to be actively involved in the governance and development process to improve their socio-economic status. Nevertheless, a combination of factors hinders their efforts to get out of the cycle of poverty. Therefore, various recommendations and actions are suggested on training and retraining of women especially on the HIV/ AIDS and the current climate change [10].
• Maruzani and Nyevero told that rural women account for a great proportion of the agricultural labour force, produce the majority of food grown especially in subsistence farming and perform most of the unpaid care work in rural areas. Women in general, are the backbone of both cash crop and subsistence farming, yet their nonmarket productive and non-productive activities are neither marketable nor recognized as economic outputs. In formal employment, they are concentrated in low pay, low grade sectors with poor promotion prospects. They are denied the tools and means of sustainability and still confront considerable discrimination that constitutes a major obstacle to increased productivity. Through their toil, knowledge and nurturing capacities rural women make tremendous contributions to food and agricultural production. However, studies show persistent gaps that impact and constrain rural women in their roles. The main objective of this study was to make an analysis of the problems faced by rural women in Buhera South district of Manicaland province in Zimbabwe. The study employed the descriptive survey design and used both quantitative and qualitative methods in the collection of data. Data was collected using a semi structured questionnaire, focus group discussions and a semi structured interview. The findings from the study showed that poverty resulting from the depletion of natural resources and gender inequality are the underlying causes to the problems that these rural women are facing. These problems form a vicious circle that deprives women of their fundamental rights and freedoms as human beings. The study therefore recommended that the government must always approve rural development that is sustainable responsible ministries need to increase their political will on issues pertaining to rural women employing techniques of gender responsive budgeting to make sure that the budget has provisions for the unique needs of rural women and all disadvantaged in rural areas. The purpose of this paper was to highlight the problems that Buhera women face then suggest recommendations for the eradication of poverty in rural households as a way of developing a more practical approach to sustainable development for Buhera district of Mainland province in Zimbabwe [11].
• Govindarajaned stated that man and woman are equal but they are not the same. They are a unique pair being supplementary to one another; each helps the other, so that without the one the existence of the other cannot be imagined, and therefore a necessary conclusion emerges from this fact that whatever harms the status of one of the two, it involves the equal destruction of both. This basic truth must be kept in mind in formulating any scheme for women’s education. Man is more involved in the outward activities of a married couple, so he should know more about the fitness of things. On the other hand, domestic life is entirely for woman, so women should have more knowledge in domestic matters, child rearing and education. Not that knowledge should be divided into closed parts of water, or that some branches of knowledge should be closed on one; but unless the curriculum is based on a discriminatory appreciation of these basic principles, the fullest life of a man and a woman cannot be flourishing [12].
• Rani and Sinha told that barriers faced by women entrepreneurs in Haryana (India). The study was descriptive and exploratory in nature and simple sampling technique was followed. The study is based entirely on primary data that was collected through structured questionnaire. The results revealed that lack of family support, lack of cooperation from male counterparts, poor bargaining position, psychological barriers, lack of experience, lack of knowledge, lack of social support, harassment, difficulties in obtaining loans to set up a business, lack of awareness about credit facilities for women, lack of infrastructure facilities, strict regulations and policies, attracting customers, lack of marketing skills and unfavorable market behaviors were the major problems faced by women. The study was limited to rural area of district Jind in Haryana (India). Further research can be done in other states of India and the results can be compared. The study suggests that women entrepreneurs start business with adequate funds, explore new markets, explore networks, and consult with professionals. Most importantly, the policies and programmers for the development of women entrepreneurship must be implemented honestly. The study is the first experimental investigation into the relationship between the educational status and barriers faced by women entrepreneurs in rural Haryana (India) [13].
• Mustafa, et al. stated that the “role of women in economic development of Pakistan”. The participation of women is essential for the prosperity of Pakistan economy. Pakistan is a male dominated society despite the fact that its large population consists of women. Women in Pakistan face many obstacles when they want to use their skills for the development and progress of the country such as religious, political, social and environmental, while education, health and nutrition are on the list of important issues and are top notch problems. The Pakistani women are ignored and targeted because of the customs and values of their families and relationship. The bitter truth is that majority of Pakistani women live in rural areas as compared to urban areas where they are treated like animal but it is true to say that animals live in a much better condition than rural women. However, it is also a fact that now a day’s lots of metropolitan women in all provinces are doing great work for the development of Pakistan. The article concludes that women play an active role in boosting the economy. They cannot ignore the amazing performance of women in the development of developed countries [14].
• Sajjad, et al. summarized that when women in Pakistan need to travel for work study, meet family or access public services, they depend on public transport. Although they travel less, as a proportion of non-walking travel, women are more dependent on public transport than men. Most of the women’s trips take place on public transport because travel on other modes such as motorbikes is restricted by social norms. Nevertheless, women face significant challenges when using public transport because of concerns about their safety, harassment and worries about their social reputation. In a survey of 1,000 households across Lahore conducted by the Center for Economic Research in Pakistan (CERP), 70% of male households said they would discourage female family members from using public wagon services. Women also feel unsafe to go the stops and waiting for them. In a CERP pilot survey in Lahore, more than 30% of respondents said that it was “extremely unsafe” for women to walk in their neighborhood. Specific, feasible transport interventions can improve women’s ability to travel safely. Domestic respondents in Lahore feel that some modes of transport (such as buses for women’s) are much safer and more acceptable for women than others. Existing services for women only (in Lahore, three pink bus routes) greatly benefit its customers, but serve a very small number of women due to its limited geographic coverage, limited time and lack of publicity. The resources of these services can be used more efficiently. On the other hand, many women in Lahore don’t have access to a bus with a women’s-only compartment. These challenges restrict women’s lives substantially. They affect whether they work and the kind of jobs they take, where they can study and when they can meet their families. If better public transport addresses these challenges, it could have a significant impact on women’s mobility and the opportunities available to them [15].
• Hanan, et al. study found that; Swara had cultural endorsement despite of no any feelings of honor rather getting ashamed of it were found instrumental factors in women as compensation practices. At Bi-variety level, association of Swara as cultural practice, ancestor did carry out swara practice, feel shame on giving swara, were found positive and significant with women as compensation. In addition, while indexing both independent and dependent variables, cultural endorsement was found positive and significant with women as compensation practices. Likewise, cultural endorsement and women as compensation for literate was non-spurious in relationship at bivariate level. Moreover, a non-spurious association was further disclosed in high income group for cultural endorsement and women as compensation. The study explored that cultural traits, if properly explained under the preview of literacy and gender equity could serve as harbinger in mitigating the social distress of women as compensation practices. Equality in gender treatment, exploiting the feeling of shame over swara practice and declaring swara as cultural taboo were some of the policy recommendation in light of the study [16].
• Farid, et al. stated that the socio-economic problems faced by rural women in getting higher education. The main objectives of the research are to know about socio economic problems faced by rural women in higher education, to recognize higher education as a decentralized issue for rural women and to know about gender discrimination in higher education in rural areas. The study was conducted in Karaka, district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The purposive sampling method was used for the data collection. A sample of 80 respondents was selected including 40 parents and 40 students. The majority of parents said that education is obligatory for women, and most parents said that our education system is not suitable for women. The majority of students responded that education play an important role in women’s empowerment and most of the students said that they face many problems in getting higher education [17].
• Khan reviewed that women have treated very bad and the men is considered superior in the world society and women is only regarded as the caretaker of the home and no share in land is giving to them in inheritance. On the birth of son the people fire for congratulation while on the girl, parents express grief at their home. When male child is born, the status of the mother confirmed as a wife in the family. In food, education and health etc. Attention is paid to son while daughters are ignored. The quota in government employment is less than the men while wage and salary is also less than them. Economically men are considered stronger than women. The number of seat in the parliament is less than the female in the world. In European countries the gap between male and female is less however in Asian countries gap is high. There are 16 countries of the world Turky, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Iran etc. The women population is higher than the men while due rights are not given to them in country politics. The study further explains that in Pukhthun culture women is gifted as compensation in the time of dispute settlement. There are few lag behind the bar which not allow female for education. The society focuses on purda and considers co-education problematic for their girls. However on the other side poverty is also a great hurdle which not affords the cost of the education to send their daughters to school. Security is the third option in the developing countries which make terror for parent to not send their daughters to colleges or schools due to sexual harassment and honor killing. Islam has focus on female education and told that if possible they will have to go to China for getting education while women are tortured everywhere in the world and do not give due attention to their rights. On the basis of problems the study recommend that to multiply female colleges and schools; provide free education to girls and facilitate good security to girls and boys in the world particularly in the developing countries; give due share to them in their land according to law. Without equality the development of the world is impossible [18].
• Ali, et al. argued that the association of dowry practices of women in Pakhtun culture was found significant with dowry is the marriage phenomenon (P=0.001), religious scholars do not raise their voices against dowry (P=0.016), due to ignorance Islamic teaching. Dowry has taken a shape of religious obligations (P=0.000), understanding the teachings of Islam better understand the concept of dowry (P=0.000), clergies are making dowry a religious act due to their own vested interests (P=0.000), religious scholars have been failed to differentiate the religious aspect of dowry from cultural practices (P=0.000), religious bonds of marital life is replaced through socioeconomic relationships (P=0.000)and Pashtun culture is highly reluctant to internalize religious values of dowry (P=0.000). To mitigate the social distress of dowry, misinterpretation of religious values, focusing on the socio-cultural dynamics were recommendations of the study [19].
• Abera, et al. told that women, especially those who marry as children, experience various forms and degrees of exclusion and discrimination. Underage marriage is a harmful traditional practice that continues to affect millions of people worldwide. Although it has declined in recent years, it is still widespread in developing countries. In Ethiopia, the Amhara national regional state (or alternatively Amhara region) hosts the largest proportion of child-brides in the country. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of early marriage on its survivors’ life conditions specifically, empowerment and domestic decision-making in Western Amhara [20,21].
• Khan, et al. review study indicates that the first International women’s day held on March 19 in 1911. In China women day program was started since 1949. The United Nation has first celebrated the women day since 1975 while in 1977 UN proclaimed 8 March an official day for women rights and world peace. Similarly Jimmy Carter in US celebrated this day since 1980 while in Rome started after world war-II. And now this day was celebrated every year by world nation. This program main objective is to give equal right to women and treated to them as like men. Top 10 countries of the world who prefer to women in the world are Iceland, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Nicaragua, New Zealand, Ireland, Spain, Rwanda and Germany respectively. International men’s day is also celebrated on November 19 each year in the world. The highest parity rate is of the Iceland which is 0.877 and the Germany parity rate is 0.787 while the developing countries average rate is very low and the European countries are high. Western Europe has taken the largest strides toward parity, currently at 76.7%, closely followed by North America at 72.9%. South Asia, the Middle East and North Africa are at the lower end of the scale, with parity sitting between 60.5% and 66.1%. However, these figures don’t factor in overall trends and timelines. SDG5 work for gender inequality in the world by UNO and they focus mostly on women right and they stress that how to develop the women in different sector of the economy in the world. They try that how to empower them as like men in the world. So, different projects are working for women development in the world by UNO. While international labor organization also struggled for that to give equal wage to women in the employment as well as equal right in employment in the world. Similarly, ILO also focuses on the maternity leave of the women. Everywhere different conferences have been arranged, for uplifting the women. Similarly every year women day is celebrated by each country of the world while women day are also celebrated by UNO every year. The women major issues are employment, right in land, fighting problems with sons, brothers and husband in daily life and sometime the divorce. Islam has stressed on the women rights and told that women should be treated well because without women the development of the country is impossible. Islam has stressed mostly for women education while now a day women want part in every sector of the ministries and they have raised slogan everywhere in the world for their rights in the March day. Now a day in women March the majority women try for their due right while some women raised hand against the Islamic principles and told that during slogan “This is my willing and this is my body and no one has right to ask me in this world what am I doing”. I am free and my husband and my son and other person of the house has no right to ask from me what are you doing. Similarly, now a day on 8th March women March was held in other countries of the world but it was good and those women fight only for their due right while in Pakistan the situation is different and mostly they have raised hand against the Islamic principles. The women March has disturbed the culture of the Pakistani community and now a tussle between women and men has been raised in Pakistan. The Islamic ideals are also in the ground and they stress to Imran Khan to stop such type activities in the country because in the long run it will ruin the society of the Pakistani community. In Islam everything is cleared and have mentioned the right of the women brightly and no women has right to go outside the home without husband permission. Many problems were raised by this March by women. Few women are in the March and they raised slogan against the Islam and told that my willing and my body and no one has right to ask from me what are we doing and these bad words have written on cards and hands and also they have raised the voice against the Islamic principles in the March. This type activity create unfavorable environment in the country and make the country unfavorable for further development. On the basis of problems the study recommend that to not allow such type activities in the world which disturb the culture as well as the world decorum; Islamic principles should not be crossed by women in the March; never raise the hand against the Islamic principle during March by women; proper way should be used for the right of women; never use abuse language during March by women; think before you speak methodology should be used; cover your face in the March and never allow men in the March; security should be kept tight for peace; during discussion Islamic principles should be used and never go against Islam.
• Khan study was carried out since Feb, 2020. The major objective was to examine the employment of women and causes of fewer shares in different countries of the world. Total 10 articles were downloaded from the net and read 5 times to 10 times and drew the conclusion. The result indicates that everywhere women is discriminated and did not give due right to them in employment. Majority women work at their home as a house wives and always consider care taker of the home. Its major role is produce the young one and care of children and transfer knowledge to them and train to them for future activities. Mother is considered the prime minister of the house and father is the president. The mother works inside the home while the father work outside the home for earning the money. Father is mostly considered more powerful in the world. They decided everything in the home and governed over the family. Without father no one has right for exercising power for any work. The trend before of the women in employment was less while now it goes upward and majority women work in different zone of the economy. They work in industries while they work mostly in the field of agriculture while also work in school and colleges. Similarly in few countries conduct duties in the assemblies as ministers. Though in few countries work as managers in the bank, while it was also observed few women work in the armies. Few work as typist and secretary in the office while the total trend is less than the men in the world. Averagely 40 percent women contributed in the total labor force of the world. The lowest level in the world is Saudi Arabia which is 16 percent while the highest percent share is in the Nepal which is 55 percent. The most favorable countries for women work in the world is Ice Land, Norway, New Zealand, Luxemburg, Belgium, and United State. The causes of fewer shares in the world are religion, culture, Income, harassment, illiteracy and maternity in the world. They produce young one so it take time for maturity of children, so the husband does not allow to them for employment. On the basis of problems it is recommended to make women educated and provide skill for high wage in the world; two or one children policy should be applied in the countries for less children; safety should be provided for work to women in the world; Due right should be given in land to women; fixed quota system should be provided to women in employment in the world; more facility and scholarship should be provided for education to women in the world; culture and religion barriers should be removed; separate colleges and universities should be constructed for women in the world; more opportunities should be provided in employment. Justice and equal treatment should be provided in the world for uplifting the countries because without women development the development of the world is impossible.
• Shakoor, et al. stated that Pakistan is second lowest country in the world and ranks 148 out of 149 countries in term of gender equality. It ranks 146th in economic inclusion and opportunity and 97th among legislators. Furthermore, the possible impact of gender disparities on financial literacy in rural Pakistan is far-reaching. The women living in the rural areas of Sindh have low financial literacy, lack of access to formal financial institution, social and cultural barrier, lack of funds and awareness, and inadequate access to loans. The study focuses on the demonstration of the concept of women empowerment in rural Sindh through financial independence and the positive effects of microfinance on women's empowerment. The study basically clarified problem statement, research objectives and research questions. In this study, researchers focus on the effects of microfinance on women's empowerment, current financial independence and women empowerment. The study explains results on the empowerment of women through financial independence in rural areas, aimed at improving their outcomes and causes, as well as the political response. This will provide a starting point for gathering additional information and identifying areas for further study and thus paving the way for future research. A wide range of experimental literature illustrates the disadvantages of gender discrimination and financial independence for women in rural Pakistan. With that in mind, it is encouraging and worthwhile to exploring further ways in which women can be motivated by financial freedom. The study is qualitative and based on data collected from secondary source.
• Radiowala, et al. told that if you educate a man, you educate an individual. But if you educate woman, you educate the whole nation. The study is to explore the various aspects that Contributes to the challenges faced by rural women for accessing basic education in rural areas. The analysis of the research element was used to list various aspects that contribute to challenges faced by rural women for accessing basic education in rural areas. A total of four factors, were extracted Family problem, personal problem, Infrastructure and society problem contributes 71.97% to the change. This study certainly helps to identify the key factors that contribute to the challenges faced by rural women for accessing basic education in rural areas. Further studies can be done using the verification factor analysis technique.
The study was carried out in the whole world and total 17 articles were downloaded from the net and read in depth but also some data were coded from day to day life. The abstract and conclusion were prepared and according to finding recommendations were put in the abstract and conclusion.
The study concludes that women facing large numbers of problems in the world. Every government of the world tries how to solve these problems because these problems have disturbed the ecosystem of the world which is very dangerous for world development. Women and men are the wheels of one carriage, if one wheel left the work, automatically the carriage never take a move in day-to-day life and disturb the whole development process in the world and affect the prosperity of the world negatively. At world level women facing large number of problems namely lack of education, threat in home by husband, mother-in-law and father-in-law, transportation access, raping, force and early marriage, preference given to son over daughter, share in land, lack of primary health, no permission for job from family, abused in home, lack of opportunities in different job etc. Without women and men cooperation the development of the world is impossible. In different countries of the world multiple programs have been started for their improvement while still the men resist and do not give a chance to them for uplifting the world society. It has created a great problem in the world and negatively affected the development of the world. Women sometimes come on the road and create violence for their rights while it disturbed the environment of the Muslim societies and affect the activities of the world development and also affect the production of the agriculture crops of the world. Majority women rural area of the world performs different duties in agriculture production. They harvest the crops and also play role as a house wife. Prepare food for their children and also spent time on younger care and production of young one. On the basis of finding the study recommend that to give due right to women in parent land; provide education and health facilities at their door steps; transport facilities should be provided; son and daughter should be equally treated; force and early marriages should be stop in the society of the world; rape cases should be controlled for development of world society; situation in the home should be favorable for world women and treated by husband, mother in law and father in law nicely; job permission should be given to women in the home for income improvement; government should provide job opportunities at world level.
I give great tribute to my teachers who transfer knowledge to me and prepare for the future challenges and parents who financially support me. The credit also goes to director IDS who trained me in research process.
Mahnoor Naushad creates the idea while Dr. Malik Muhammad Shafi supervised the whole work of the paper’ Shah Fahad helped in abstract writing and Dr. Naushad Khan helped in report writing and worked as corresponding author.
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Citation: Naushad M, Shafi MM, Khan N, Fahad S (2023) Analysis of Women Facing Problems in Rural Area of the World. Qual Prim Care. 31:26.
Copyright: © 2023 Naushad M, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
