Journal of Neuro-Oncology and Neuroscience Open Access

Description

A brain tumour is an abnormal cell growth or mass in the brain. There are many distinct types of brain tumours. Some brain tumours are benign (noncancerous), while others are cancerous (malignant). Brain cancers can start in the brain (primary brain tumours), or they can start elsewhere in the body and spread to the brain (metastatic brain tumours). The rate at which a brain tumour grows varies substantially.

Acoustic neuroma

Acoustic neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma, is a noncancerous tumour that grows on the major (vestibular) nerve that connects the inner ear to the brain. Hearing loss, ringing in the ears and unsteadiness can all be caused by pressure from an acoustic neuroma. Acoustic neuroma is a benign tumour that develops in the schwann cells that cover the nerve and grows slowly or not at all. It is possible that it will develop rapidly and press against the brain, interfering with important activities. Regular monitoring, radiotherapy, and surgical removal are all options for acoustic neuroma treatment. Acoustic neuroma symptoms and signs are commonly overlooked, and they might take years to manifest. They usually occur as a result of the tumour’s impact on the auditory and vestibular nerves. The tumour’s pressure on neighbouring nerves regulating facial muscles and feeling (facial and trigeminal nerves), nearby blood vessels, or brain structures may create issues. As the tumour grows, the signs and symptoms may become more obvious or severe. A symptom such as hearing loss that occurs on only one side or is more severe on one side, usually gradually worsening over months to years but in rare cases, suddenly that occurs on only one side or is more severe on one side. Unsteadiness or lack of balance in the affected ear (tinnitus), Vertigo (vertigo), Facial numbness and muscle weakness or loss of mobility and an auditory neuroma can develop large enough to crush the eardrum in rare situations.

Astrocytoma

Astrocytoma is a tumour that can develop in the brain or the spinal cord. It starts in the cells that support nerve cells, termed astrocytes. The signs and symptoms of astrocytoma vary depending on where the tumour is located. Seizures, headaches, and nausea can all be symptoms of astrocytomas in the brain. Astrocytoma in the spinal cord might result in weakness and disability in the location where the tumour is growing. Astrocytoma can either be a slow-growing tumour or a malignancy that spreads swiftly. Prognosis and treatment options are determined by the aggressiveness (grade) of your astrocytoma.

Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is a tumour that can develop in the brain or spinal cord and is very aggressive. It arises from astrocytes, which are cells that support nerve cells. This type of tumour can strike anyone at any age, but it strikes older people more frequently. It can make headaches, nausea, vomiting, and seizures worse. Glioblastoma, commonly known as glioblastoma multiforme, is a cancer that is difficult to treat and seldom cures. Treatments may help to decrease the growth of cancer and alleviate symptoms.

Pituitary tumours

Pituitary tumours are abnormal growths in the pituitary gland that develop over time. Some pituitary tumours cause an overabundance of hormones that control vital physiological functions. Pituitary gland may generate fewer hormones as a result of some pituitary tumours. The majority of pituitary tumours are benign (noncancerous) growths (adenomas). Adenomas are benign tumours that stay in the pituitary gland or surrounding tissues and do not spread to other parts of the body.

Conclusion

The rate of growth of a brain tumour, as well as its location, defines how it will influence the function of your neurological system. The type of brain tumour, as well as its size and location, influence the treatment options. Types of brain tumours includes such as, acoustic neuroma, astrocytoma, brain metastases, choroid plexus carcinoma, craniopharyngioma, embryonal tumours, ependymoma, glioblastoma, glioma, medulloblastoma, meningioma, oligodendroglioma, pediatric brain tumours, pineoblastoma and pituitary tumours.