Commentary - (2024) Volume 9, Issue 1
Received: 28-Feb-2024, Manuscript No. IPJNO-24-20026; Editor assigned: 01-Mar-2024, Pre QC No. IPJNO-24-20026 (PQ); Reviewed: 15-Mar-2024, QC No. IPJNO-24-20026; Revised: 20-Feb-2024, Manuscript No. IPJNO-24-20026 (R); Published: 27-Mar-2024, DOI: 10.21767/2572-0376.24.9.1.03
Colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer or colon cancer, is a common and potentially life-threatening disease that affects the colon or rectum. In this article, we delve into the intricacies of colorectal cancer, including its causes, risk factors, symptoms, screening methods, treatment options, and the importance of early detection and prevention strategies. Colorectal cancer develops when abnormal cells in the lining of the colon or rectum grow and divide uncontrollably, forming tumors. Over time, these tumors can invade nearby tissues and spread to the exact cause of colorectal cancer is not fully understood, but several factors may increase a person’s risk of developing the disease: Colorectal cancer is more common in older adults, with the majority of cases diagnosed in individuals aged 50 and older. A family history of colorectal cancer or certain hereditary conditions, such as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) or Lynch Syndrome, can increase the risk of developing the disease. Individuals with a personal history of colorectal polyps (abnormal growths) or inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis) are at higher risk of developing colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer may not cause symptoms in its early stages, which is why regular screening is essential for early detection includes blood in the stool or rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, cramping, or discomfort, unexplained weight loss, fatigue or weakness, anemia (low red blood cell count). Diagnosing colorectal cancer typically involves a combination of screening tests and diagnostic procedures of colonoscopy is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening and involves the insertion of a flexible tube with a camera (colonoscope) into the rectum and colon to examine the lining for abnormalities and polyps. During the procedure, polyps can be removed and biopsied if necessary. This non-invasive test detects hidden (occult) blood in the stool, which may indicate the presence of colorectal cancer or precancerous polyps. It is often used as a screening tool in combination with other tests. Imaging tests such as Computed Tomography (CT) scans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), or Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans may be performed to assess the extent of the cancer and detect any metastases. The treatment approach for colorectal cancer depends on several factors, including the stage and location of the cancer, the patient’s overall health, and their preferences. Treatment options may include surgical resection of the tumor and surrounding tissues is the primary treatment for localized colorectal cancer.
Preventing colorectal cancer and detecting it early are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing mortality. Several strategies can help lower the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Regular colorectal cancer screening, starting at age 50 for average-risk individuals, can help detect precancerous polyps or early-stage cancer when treatment is most effective. Screening options include colonoscopy, Fecal Occult Blood Tests (FOBT), Fecal Immunochemical Tests (FIT), and stool DNA tests. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, limiting red and processed meats, staying physically active, maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer or certain hereditary conditions may benefit from genetic counseling and testing to assess their risk and inform personalized screening and prevention strategies. Colorectal cancer is a significant public health issue with potentially serious consequences if left untreated.
None.
The author’s declared that they have no conflict of interest.
Citation: Yi L (2024) Colorectal Cancer: Understanding the Disease and Promoting Prevention. Neurooncol. 9:03.
Copyright: ©2024 Yi L. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
