British Journal of Research Open Access

Impact of Hereditary and Inter Annual Variables on the Greasy Acids Profile of Virgin Olive Oil

F Priego Capote^* Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Spain
^*Correspondence: F Priego Capote, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Spain, Email:

Received: 29-Mar-2023, Manuscript No. IPBJR-23-16744; Editor assigned: 31-Mar-2023, Pre QC No. IPBJR-23-16744 (PQ); Reviewed: 14-Apr-2023, QC No. IPBJR-23-16744; Revised: 19-Apr-2023, Manuscript No. IPBJR-23-16744 (R); Published: 26-Apr-2023, DOI: 10.35841/2394-3718-10.4.33

Introduction

Fatty acids are crucial components of a healthy diet and play essential roles in various bodily functions. They serve as building blocks for cell membranes contribute to hormone production, aid in nutrient absorption, and provide a concentrated source of energy. However, an imbalance in fatty acid intake or metabolism can have adverse effects on our health. In this article, we will delve into the causes of fatty acid imbalances, considering the interplay between diet, lifestyle factors, and genetics. The dietary choices we make significantly impact our fatty acid profiles. Diets high in saturated fats, Tran’s fats, and omega-6 fatty acids, and low in omega-3 fatty acids, can lead to imbalances. Consuming excessive amounts of saturated and Tran’s fats, commonly found in processed and fried foods, can elevate Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and promote inflammation. Similarly, an excessive intake of omega- 6 fatty acids, often derived from vegetable oils, may disrupt the delicate balance between omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, leading to increased inflammation and cardiovascular risks. Omega-3 fatty acids, such as Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA), are vital for brain function, heart health, and reducing inflammation. However, many people consume insufficient amounts of omega-3s, mainly due to limited intake of fatty fish, such as salmon and mackerel. This deficiency can lead to an imbalance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, favouring pro-inflammatory responses, and increasing the risk of chronic diseases.

Description

Trans fats, formed during the process of hydrogenation, are found in many processed and commercially baked goods. High trans-fat consumption has been linked to increased LDL cholesterol, decreased High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and elevated risk of heart disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for the elimination of industrially-produced Trans fats from the global food supply by 2023 to address this health concern. Physical activity levels significantly influence fatty acid metabolism. Leading a sedentary lifestyle, characterized by minimal exercise and prolonged sitting, can contribute to imbalances in fatty acid utilization. Regular physical activity promotes the oxidation of fatty acids, reducing the risk of excess fat accumulation and metabolic disorders. Chronic stress and elevated cortisol levels can disrupt fatty acid metabolism. Cortisol, a hormone released during stress, promotes the breakdown of muscle tissue and stimulates the release of fatty acids into the bloodstream. Prolonged stress and elevated cortisol levels can lead to an overabundance of circulating fatty acids, potentially contributing to metabolic imbalances and weight gain. Excessive alcohol intake can disrupt fatty acid metabolism in several ways. Alcohol provides high-calorie content, leading to increased fat accumulation, particularly around the liver (known as alcoholic fatty liver disease).

Conclusion

Fatty acid imbalances can arise from a combination of dietary choices, lifestyle factors, and genetic predispositions. A diet rich in saturated fats, Trans fats, and omega-6 fatty acids, along with inadequate intake of omega-3 fatty acids, can contribute to imbalances and increase the risk of chronic diseases. Sedentary lifestyles, chronic stress, and excessive alcohol consumption also play a role in disrupting fatty acid metabolism. Additionally, genetic factors, including variations in fatty acid metabolism-related genes, can influence an individual’s ability to maintain a healthy fatty acid balance. To optimize fatty acid profiles, it is essential to adopt a balanced diet that includes adequate omega-3 fatty acids, reduce the consumption of unhealthy fats, engage in regular physical activity, manage stress levels, and moderate alcohol consumption.