Journal of Intensive and Critical Care Open Access

Implementation of Neurocritical Care is Associated with Improved Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury

Lisa Hirt^* Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Colorado, USA
^*Correspondence: Lisa Hirt, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Colorado, USA, Email:

Received: 28-Jun-2022, Manuscript No. IPJICC-22-14068; Editor assigned: 30-Jun-2022, Pre QC No. IPJICC-22-14068 (PQ); Reviewed: 14-Jul-2022, QC No. IPJICC-22-14068; Revised: 19-Jul-2022, Manuscript No. IPJICC-22-14068 (R); Published: 26-Jul-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2471-8505.8.7.90

Introduction

Neurosurgery is surgery to treat abnormalities in the brain. Control your ability to speak, move, think, remember, and more. Neurosurgery aims to treat problems without disrupting these vital functions. Brain surgery may remove parts of the brain or abnormal growths in the brain, such as tumors. Surgeons can also repair damaged parts of the brain. Brain surgery may require an incision in the brain. However, there are many surgeries that allow access to the brain through small cuts in the nose, mouth, or even legs. Minimally invasive brain surgery has fewer risks than craniotomy and can help you heal faster. Critical care is always about the brain. This statement is clear when the primary problem is a neurological emergency. However, the ultimate goal of treatment is to preserve brain function, even when the primary pathology requiring treatment in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) lies outside the brain. Whether the immediate cause of ICU admission is neuropathy or systemic disease, the long-term effects of these conditions and their treatment on recovery of brain function and long-term functional outcomes are increasingly being recognized. While in the recovery room, you will be closely monitored by nurses. Once it is safe, return to the station. Some people may need to go to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or Highly Dependent Unit (HDU) [1].

Description

The information on this page covers what happens immediately after and in the first few days after surgery for a brain or spinal cord tumor. Careful and frequent neurological evaluation by neurologically trained personnel is the cornerstone of postoperative neurosurgical care [2]. However, managing systemic complications is an important task to help minimize severe neurological consequences. Neurological assessment by neurologically trained critical care physicians and staff in the NICU has been shown to be beneficial in minimizing in-hospital mortality and length of stay. Postoperative neurological complications include cerebral edema, intracranial hemorrhage, seizure, stroke, pneumocephalus, and focal disability due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Some postoperative focal lesions are a direct result of surgery and are expected in some cases. Manipulation and contraction of brain tissue can cause temporary local symptoms [3]. For example, cranial nerve palsy can occur during posterior fossa surgery, and temporary motor weakness can occur if the tumor is adjacent to the motor cortex. Anticipated neurological deficits, as well as the patient’s preoperative neurological status, is an important part of the postoperative handoff and are clearly communicated by the neurosurgeon when transporting the patient to her NICU [4,5].

Conclusion

Cerebral edema is often the cause of temporary deficits and occurs as a result of tissue manipulation. Expectations should be high for glioblastoma patients, reoperations, and patients with long operating times. Treatment includes corticosteroids or osmotic therapy, although the efficacy of both therapies is often limited. Elevated intracranial pressure and development of hernia are essential for early detection and management and represent the most life-threatening complications of neurosurgery with intracranial hemorrhage. Signs may include headache, nausea and vomiting, aconcentricity, and loss of spontaneous venous pulsations on fundus examination. A battery of tests is the best method for detecting and diagnosing postoperative complications, every fifteen to thirty minutes for the first one to two hours and every one hour for the next 6 hours immediately after recovery from anesthesia. Must be performed for each evidence of new neuropathy or progressive worsening of known focal deficits should lead to closer examination and imaging. Once the possibility of a life-threatening increase in intracranial pressure has been ruled out, alternative explanations for the change in laboratory findings can be considered.

Acknowledgement

None.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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