Archives in Chemical Research Open Access

Keywords

Fars Province; Medicinal plants

Introduction

Herbal plants are the most important products in natural resources which directly have a positive impact on the lives of people. Many of drugs are directly or indirectly from herbal medicinal products. The importance of plants has been evident to humans since ancient times as Egyptians have been expertise from the sixteenth century BC in the extreme use of these plants [1-3].

As mentioned before, Egypt, has a long history in terms of research background in this area. From ancient times Jewish people used these plants too. India also has two very famous old books on herbs called Caraca and Susruta. China's oldest medical book is attributed to one of its emperors called Shinon who lived in 2800 BC. From 8 to 10th centuries, famous Iranian scientist Avicenna and Razi were shining in this field. In Western countries, progress in this science dates back to the early Middle Ages that continues to date and By scientists such as Constantine, Epitome Matthiol, and Dragendroff and so on has been done. In Iran, the most comprehensive investigation in this case was conducted by Ali Zargari and the result has been published in five volumes [4-7].

In Iran, with respect to special geographic locations and different climatic conditions is habitat of many varieties of medicinal plants and In the meantime, the Fars province is the most relevant So that, according to the provincial Department of Natural Resources, there are more than 1600 species of medicinal plants at Fars and more than 100 species of them are massively cultivated on 600 hectares of land in the province, Of course, the data is not about tree species and garden species. Medicinal plants export from Fars province to abroad in 2015 was 48 tons So that the province has become the first exporter of these products in the country. It should be noted that the Fars province with an area of 133000 square kilometers includes 8.1% area of the country which is located in the southern part of the country and holds three climates in which the North and North West of the province has mountains with snow and rain and the amount of rainfall is over 400 millimeters a year. Central area with mild winter and hot and dry summer is with annual precipitation of 200 to 400 millimeters. Also South and South-East holds mild winter and very hot summer with annual precipitation of 100 to 200 millimeters [7-10]. Figure 1 shows the location of Fars province in Iran.

Figure 1: Child holding unripe banana peel water.

Research Methodology

In this study, following steps were taken to conduct the research

Gathering information and data

There are a lot of resources of medicinal plants, but most of them are a reflection of people's experiences which not certain. Most of them have no formal training in this area and have just inherited and acquired these practices. Certainly will be helpful Using the information provided which the information be evaluated with scientific data that has been considered in this study. In addition, the relevant articles and books have also been used. Researches conducted by the departments of natural resources, agriculture office and the environment office of Fars province are also considered (Table 1).

Table 1: Fars Province important medicinal plants.(Spermatophytes Division-Angiosperms Subdivision-Dicotyledons Class-Dialypetalaes Subclass)

Information and data evaluation

In this regard for other articles, books and academic researches there is no problem, but as mentioned before, information about people who have been working on an experimental basis in the field of medicinal plants should be evaluated and just the sort of information that is scientifically acceptable and consistent with their academic issues were used.

Extracting the desired and key data

Due to the large volume of literature on medicinal plants, at this stage, it was launched to extract key data which were useful for getting familiar with province medicinal plants and again to simplify using them, they have been tabulated.

Discussion

1. Climatic variations at Fars province has caused a wide range of plants from different families and this factor is the most important factor for changing the province to the largest exporter of medicinal plants of the country (Table 2).

Table 2: Fars province important medicinal plants. (Spermatophytes Division-Angiosperms Subdivision-Dicotyledons Class-Sympetalaes Subclass)

2. The Most families of medicinal plants of Fars province are Leguminoseae- Rosaceae- Cruciferae and Umbelliferae (Table 3).

Table 3 Fars province important medicinal plants. (Spermatophytes Division-Angiosperms Subdivision-Dicotyledons Class- Monochlamideaes Subclass)

3. Many medicinal plants at Fars Province like Crocus sativus- Oryza sativa- Cerasus arium, Citrus limonum are found only in certain parts and their distribution is limited (Table 4).

Table 4: Fars province important medicinal plants. (Spermatophytes Division-Angiosperms Subdivision-Monocotyledons Class)

4. Some of medicinal plants such as Peganum harmala- Punica granatum- Triticum sp. have been widely distributed and are observed in other places too (Table 5).

Table 5: Fars province important medicinal plants. (Spermatophytes Division-Gymnosperms Subdivision)

5. Development of production and utilization of medicinal plants is one of the most important ways of creating jobs for local people and it would only be possible with the cooperation of government.

6. Due to the current situation in the province, the possibility of expanding production of medicinal plants and products is more than before.

Conclusion

In this part, all results have been tabulated according to plants division and their deviations and also key and detail information of each species have presented subsequently and in the table above.

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