Interventional Cardiology Journal Open Access

Veins are Blood Vessels in Humans and Most Other Animals that Carry Blood towards the Heart

Han Fei^* Department of Cardiology, University of Fudan, China
^*Correspondence: Han Fei, Department of Cardiology, University of Fudan, China, Email:

Received: 03-Oct-2022, Manuscript No. IPIC-22-14860; Editor assigned: 05-Oct-2022, Pre QC No. IPIC-22-14860 (PQ); Reviewed: 19-Oct-2022, QC No. IPIC-22-14860; Revised: 24-Oct-2022, Manuscript No. IPIC-22-14860 (R); Published: 31-Oct-2022, DOI: 10.21767/2471-8157.8.10.50

INTRODUCTION

The majority of animals, including humans, have blood vessels that carry blood to the heart. Most veins convey deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; the umbilical and pulmonary veins, which both deliver oxygenated blood to the heart, are exceptions. Aortae carry blood away from the heart, in contrast to veins. Veins are typically located closer to the skin and have less muscle than arteries. The majority of veins have valves to stop backflow. The tubes that carry blood back to the heart are called veins and can be found all over the body. There are several ways to classify veins, such as superficial versus deep, pulmonary versus systemic, and large versus small. Those veins that are closer to the body's surface and do not have corresponding arteries are called superficial veins. The arteries that are associated with deep veins are deeper in the body. From the superficial to the deep veins, perforator veins drain. The lower limbs and feet typically refer to these. Veins that directly connect superficial veins to deep veins are known as communicating veins.

Description

A group of veins known as the pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Systemic veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart and drain the body's tissues. The majority of veins have one-way valves, similar to Duckbill valves, to stop blood from flowing in the opposite direction. Because veins are translucent, the color of venous blood, which is typically dark red due to its low oxygen content, determines how a vein appears from an organism's exterior. Veins seem blue on account of the low oxygen level in the vein. The characteristics of a person's skin, the amount of oxygen carried in the blood, and the size and depth of the vessels can all influence the color of a vein. When blood is taken out of a vein and taken out of an organism, it appears grey-white. The venae cavae are the body's largest veins. From above and below, these two massive veins enter the heart's right atrium. The inferior vena cava carries blood to the heart from the legs and abdomen, while the superior vena cava carries blood to the right atrium of the heart from the arms and head. The inferior vena cava is retroperitoneal and runs parallel to the abdominal aorta on the right side of the spine. These two veins are fed by larger and smaller veins, respectively. The venous system is made up of all of this. While the main veins maintain a relatively constant position, individual vein positions can vary significantly. From the lungs to the heart, blood that is relatively oxygenated is carried by the pulmonary veins .From the upper and lower systemic circulations, respectively, relatively deoxygenated blood is transported through the superior and inferior venae caves. A network of veins or venules that connect two capillary beds directly is known as the portal venous system. The hypophyseal portal system and the hepatic portal vein are two examples of such systems. The blood from the hands, feet, and other limbs is carried by the peripheral veins. The heart receives blood from the organs through veins. Because veins contain 60% of the blood's volume, they are also known as "capacitance vessels” [1-4].

Conclusion

The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the arteries to the muscles and organs of the body in systemic circulation, where capillaries exchange nutrients and gases. Blood is channeled through vessels that converge to form venues, which continue to converge to form the larger veins, after capillaries absorb cellular waste and carbon dioxide. The veins carry the deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart, where it is transferred to the right ventricle, where it is pumped to the lungs through the pulmonary arteries. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium, where it flows into the left ventricle, completing the blood circulation cycle in pulmonary circulation.

Acknowledgement

The author is grateful to the journal editor and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.

Conflict of Interest

The author declared no potential conflicts of interest for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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