The endothelium is the thin layer of simple squamous cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, cells that form the endothelium are called endothelial cells. The main function of endothelial cells is to provide a barrier between the blood and the rest of the body tissues. The endothelial cells act like a sieve, restricting the passage of large molecules, toxic substances and bacteria into the brain tissue while allowing necessary molecules like oxygen, enzymes and hormones.
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