Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Colorado Parks and Wildlife 317 W Prospect Rd. Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
Research Article
Effects of 17?-ethinylestradiol and Density on Juvenile Fathead Minnow Survival and Body Size
Author(s): Tawni B. Riepe*, Brian W. Avila and Dana L. Winkelman
Anthropogenic changes have led to the increased use of wastewater treatment plants in stream systems near
urbanized areas. Synthetic oral contraceptives, observed in wastewater treatment effluents, can cause negative
effects on fish life history metrics. Previous exposures of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) have been shown to affect
survival and reproduction of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). However, density effects were not considered,
and additional research is needed to examine the role of density among fish exposed to EE2. Multiple
hypotheses indicate the interaction of density with contaminant exposure may ameliorate or exacerbate mortality.
We examined how nominal EE2 concentrations of 0 ng/L, 5 ng/L, and 10 ng/L affect body size and mortality
at various densities. Fish body size was influenced by density but not EE2 exposure. When density .. View More»